Ubuchwepheshe bokugeleza kwamahhala, obusanda kugunyazwa e-Brazil ngoMthetho No. 14.157/2021, buguqula ukuthutha emgwaqeni nokuhamba ngemikhumbi e-Brazil. Nakuba kuyintsha lapha, ukugeleza kwamahhala sekuvele kusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamanye amazwe anjengeChina, i-United States, iPortugal, kanye nomakhelwane wethu iChile.
Ukugeleza kwamahhala kuyisistimu ye-toll engenazo izithiyo, evumela izimoto ukuthi zikhonjwe futhi zikhokhiswe ngama-gantries afakwe emigwaqweni emikhulu. Lawa ma-gantries afunda ipuleti lelayisense noma i-chip efakwe ezimotweni kusetshenziswa omaka. Empeleni, umshayeli akadingi ukumisa noma ukunciphisa isivinini lapho edlula etoll, okuholela ekongeni kanye nezinzuzo eziningana.
Inkokhelo ingenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo kusetshenziswa umaka ofakwe kuwindi langaphambili lemoto, oxhumana nama-toll gantries atholakala eduze komzila. Kulesi simo, umshayeli uthola inkokhiso ye-toll kubhili yethegi. Abasebenzisi abangenalo lobu buchwepheshe kufanele bakhokhe mathupha ngohlelo lokusebenza lwemvume yomgwaqo omkhulu noma iwebhusayithi.
Ngaphezu kokusebenziseka kalula nokuba lula kokukhokha nge-invoyisi, ukusebenzisa umaka njengendlela yokukhokha yokugeleza kwamahhala kunezinzuzo ezikhethekile, njengesaphulelo esingu-5% senani le-toll, Isaphulelo Semali Eyisisekelo (DBT), esihloselwe ngokukhethekile abasebenzisi besixazululo sokukhokha okuzenzakalelayo.
Le phrojekthi, eyaqala ukuqaliswa kwayo eBrazil ngoJanuwari 2023, isetshenziswa kancane kancane, ngokufakwa kwayo kokuqala esifundazweni saseSão Paulo kusukela ngoLwesithathu olwedlule (Septhemba 4). Itholakala kumasipala wase-Itápolis, i-toll gantry iku-km 179 kuthelawayeka we-SP-333. Ngokusho kwe-EcoNoroeste, i-concessionaire ebhekele umgwaqo omkhulu, inani lentela lihlala lifana nenani langaphambilini lama-R$8.90. Abasebenzisi bomaka bakhokha u-R$ 8.45 – ngesaphulelo esingu-5% se-DBT.
Ngaphezu kwe-São Paulo, kunamanye ama-gantries amane ageleza mahhala anamakhamera nezinzwa ze-laser ezisebenzayo: eyodwa ese-Rio de Janeiro (umgwaqo omkhulu wase-Rio-Santos) kanye nantathu e-Rio Grande do Sul (ERS-122, ERS-240, kanye ne-ERS-446), ingqopha-mlando ebalulekile kulolu shintsho. Ngokuka-Abepam (i-Brazilian Association of Automatic Payment Companies for Mobility), ama-gantry asefakiwe noma asenqubweni yokufakwa emigwaqweni emikhulu yesifundazwe engu-27 kanye nengu-58.
Isithembiso esikhulu sokugeleza kwamahhala ukukhuthaza ukuqoqwa kwama-toll okulungile, njengoba ama-gantries azofakwa ezindaweni eziningi, okuzoholela ekukhokheni ngokulingana nebanga elihanjiwe. Kubashayeli, lokhu kuyimpumuzo enkulu. Ukuphela kolayini ezindlini zokukhokha kuletha ukukhiqiza okwandayo futhi kunciphisa ingcindezi, ngokugeleza okukhulu kwethrafikhi, okubuye kube nomthelela ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli - okunomthelela ngqo esikhwameni somshayeli futhi kusize imvelo.
Kubathumeli, abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthumela izimpahla, ukuhamba kwamahhala kunomthelela ekuqagelekeni okungcono kwezikhathi zokuhamba, okusiza ukuhlelwa kwezinto. Ukubambezeleka okuncishisiwe nokusebenza kahle kakhulu kwezokuthutha kubangela uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngokwethembeka nokushesha, okuvumela izinkampani ukuthi zisabele ngokushesha ezidingweni zemakethe.
Empeleni, ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwama-toll tall booth kanye nesistimu ye-free-flow kuyembulwa. Iloli lingehlisa izindleko zikaphethiloli kufika ku-R$ 5 itoll plaza ngayinye, ngokungadingi ukwehlisa isivinini, ukuma, nokusheshisa futhi. Lokhu konga, okulingana namamililitha kadizili angaba ngu-800 ngetoll ngayinye, kumele ukwehla okukhulu ezindlekweni zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuqondisa okumbalwa kwamabhuleki okuvamisile, kunokuncipha kokukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide (CO2) emkhathini, okuzuzisa imvelo.
Njengoba uhlelo lukhula kulo lonke elase-Brazil, izinzuzo zalo ziba sobala kakhulu, ziqinisa isikhundla salo njengengxenye eyinhloko ekwenzeni izinto zokuthutha zomgwaqo zibe zesimanje. Manje sekusele ezinkampanini nakubaphathi ukuthi bamukele lokhu kusungulwa, bathuthukise ukusebenza kwabo futhi babe neqhaza ekuhambeni okushelelayo, okungangcolisi ndawo, ngaleyo ndlela benze umkhakha wezokuthutha usebenze kahle futhi uzinze.
