I-E-commerce, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-electronic commerce, umkhuba wokwenza ukuthengiselana nge-inthanethi. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuthengwa nokudayiswa kwemikhiqizo, amasevisi, nolwazi ku-inthanethi. I-E-commerce iguqule indlela amabhizinisi aqhuba ngayo amabhizinisi awo nokuthi abathengi bathola kanjani izimpahla namasevisi.
Umlando:
I-E-commerce yaqala ukuduma ngeminyaka yawo-1990 ngokufika kweWorld Wide Web. Ekuqaleni, ukuthengiselana nge-inthanethi bekukhawulelwe kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwezincwadi, ama-CD, nesoftware. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthukile kanye nokuthembela kwabathengi kwezentengiselwano nge-inthanethi kwanda, izinkampani eziningi zaqala ukunikeza imikhiqizo namasevisi anhlobonhlobo ku-inthanethi.
Izinhlobo ze-e-commerce:
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-e-commerce, okuhlanganisa:
1. I-Business-to-Consumer (B2C): Ibandakanya ukuthengisa imikhiqizo noma amasevisi ngokuqondile ukuze kuqedwe abathengi.
2. Ibhizinisi-kuya-Ibhizinisi (B2B): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inkampani eyodwa ithengisela enye inkampani imikhiqizo noma amasevisi.
3. I-Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C): Ivumela abathengi ukuthi bathengisele imikhiqizo noma amasevisi ngokuqondile, ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa izinkundla eziku-inthanethi ezifana ne-eBay noma i-OLX.
4. Umthengi-kuya-Ibhizinisi (C2B): Lokhu kuhilela abathengi abahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo noma amasevisi kumabhizinisi, njengabazimele abahlinzeka ngamasevisi abo ngezinkundla ezifana ne-Fiverr noma i-99Freelas.
Izinzuzo:
I-E-commerce inikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa zamabhizinisi nabathengi, njenge:
1. Ukufaneleka: Abathengi bangathenga imikhiqizo noma amasevisi noma nini, noma kuphi, inqobo nje uma bekwazi ukufinyelela i-inthanethi.
2. Izinhlobonhlobo ezibanzi: Izitolo eziku-inthanethi ngokuvamile zinikeza ukukhetha okubanzi kakhulu kwemikhiqizo kunezitolo ezibonakalayo.
3. Ukuqhathanisa amanani: Abathengi bangaqhathanisa kalula izintengo kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene ukuze bathole amadili angcono kakhulu.
4. Izindleko ezincishisiwe: Izinkampani zingonga ezindlekweni zokusebenza, njengerenti yendawo ebonakalayo nezisebenzi, ngokuthengisa ku-inthanethi.
5. Ukufinyelela emhlabeni jikelele: I-E-commerce ivumela izinkampani ukuthi zifinyelele izethameli ezibanzi kakhulu kunalokho obekungenzeka ngesitolo esibonakalayo.
Izinselelo:
Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi, i-e-commerce nayo iveza izinselelo ezithile, okuhlanganisa:
1. Ukuvikeleka: Ukuvikela idatha yabathengi yezezimali kanye neyomuntu siqu kuwukukhathazeka okuqhubekayo ekuhwebeni kwe-e-commerce.
2. Ukuhlelwa kwezinto: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ilethwa ngokushesha, ngempumelelo, nangokwethembeka kungaba inselele, ikakhulukazi ezinkampanini ezincane.
3. Ukuncintisana okuqinile: Njengoba kunezinkampani eziningi ezithengisa ku-inthanethi, kungase kube nzima ukugqama nokuheha amakhasimende.
4. Izinkinga zokwethembana: Abanye abathengi basamanqikanqika ukuthenga ku-inthanethi ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokukhwabanisa nokungakwazi ukubona nokuthinta imikhiqizo ngaphambi kokuyithenga.
Ikusasa le-e-commerce:
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka futhi abantu abaningi emhlabeni wonke bathola ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi, i-e-commerce kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula futhi ithuthuke. Amanye amathrendi okulindeleke ukuthi alolonge ikusasa le-e-commerce afaka:
1. Ukuthenga ngeselula: Abathengi abaningi ngokwengeziwe basebenzisa ama-smartphones abo namathebulethi ukuze bathenge ku-inthanethi.
2. Ukwenza kube ngokwakho: Izinkampani zisebenzisa idatha nobuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze zinikeze ukuzizwisa komuntu siqu kokuthenga kubathengi.
3. Okungokoqobo okungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona: Ezinye izinkampani zizama ngokoqobo ukungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona ukuze zivumele abathengi ukuthi "bazame" imikhiqizo ngaphambi kokuthenga.
4. Izinkokhelo zedijithali: Njengoba izinketho zokukhokha zedijithali, njengama-e-wallet kanye nemali eyimfihlo, zithandwa kakhulu, kufanele zihlanganiswe nakakhulu ku-e-commerce.
Isiphetho:
I-E-commerce iyishintshe kakhulu indlela esenza ngayo ibhizinisi futhi iyaqhubeka nokuvela ngokushesha. Njengoba amabhizinisi amaningi kanye nabathengi besebenzisa i-e-commerce, iba yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomnotho womhlaba. Nakuba izinselele zisekhona, ikusasa le-e-commerce libukeka liqhakazile, ngobuchwepheshe obusha namathrendi ahlala evela ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lokuthenga ku-inthanethi.
