Inteko ishinga amategeko y’Abayapani yemeje, mu mpera za Mata, umushinga w’itegeko rya mbere rigenga ubutasi bw’ubukorikori mu gihugu. Amabwiriza ya AI ni ingingo yiganje mu biganiro by’amategeko ku isi, hamwe n’ingamba zitandukanye mu bihugu bitandukanye. UNESCO ivuga ko kuva mu 2016, ibihugu birenga mirongo itatu byashyizeho amategeko yibanze kuri AI.
Dr. Patrícia Peck, impuguke mu by'amategeko ya Digital akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru wa Peck Advogados abisobanura agira ati: "Ku bijyanye n'umushinga w'itegeko ry’Ubuyapani, inyandiko ntiteganya ibihano, kugira ngo itabangamira udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no gushyira imbere gukurura ishoramari muri ako karere. Ni yo mpamvu, hagamijwe kugabanya ingaruka z’ikoranabuhanga ku baturage, hazakoreshwa amategeko n'amabwiriza ariho, nk'amategeko ahana."
Umwunganira akomeza avuga muri make amategeko yerekeye ingingo iriho ubu kandi agereranya. Ati: “Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, mu 2024, wemeje itegeko rya AI, amabwiriza arambuye, atangira gukurikizwa mu byiciro. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka, kubuza sisitemu zimwe na zimwe za AI hamwe n’ibisabwa bijyanye no gusoma no kwandika bya AI byatangiye gukurikizwa. Muri Kanama, ibice bijyanye n’ibindi bice bitanu bizatangira gukurikizwa, aho imiyoborere n’ibihano bigaragara. Kuva icyo gihe, dushobora kubona ko ibigo binini bishora imari mu burezi bw’amakipe yabo.”
Ku bijyanye na Amerika n'Ubushinwa, umunyamategeko akomeza agira ati: “Nubwo kugeza ubu badafite amategeko ya federasiyo, Amerika imaze kugira amabwiriza n'amabwiriza agenga imirenge bituruka muri White House. Ku rundi ruhande, Ubushinwa bufite icyitegererezo cy’ibanze cyane, cyibanda ku mutekano w'igihugu, kugena algorithms zerekana ibyifuzo, no gukoresha AI itanga umusaruro.”
Ku bijyanye n’icyitegererezo cy’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Patrícia Peck agaragaza ubushake bwo kurinda umutekano ukomeye. Asobanura agira ati: "Inyandiko ishyiraho amategeko akomeye agenga ikoreshwa rya AI mu buryo bworoshye, irinda gukabya gukurikizwa mu bikorwa bifite iterabwoba rito. Mu gihe hashobora kubaho ibyago byinshi, amategeko ateganya inshingano zo gukorera mu mucyo, gusobanurwa, ndetse n'ubugenzuzi bwigenga nk'ibisabwa hagati. Byongeye kandi, iyi nyandiko inateganya uburyo bwo gusuzuma buri gihe, bushobora gutuma amategeko agezwaho igihe."
Amabwiriza muri Berezile
Ku bijyanye na Burezili, impuguke ivuga Bill 2338/2023, irimo gutunganyirizwa muri Sena kandi igamije gushyiraho amategeko yemewe yo gukoresha AI. Asobanura agira ati: "Umushinga w'itegeko rigenga iperereza ry’ubukorikori uhura n’ibibazo, nko kuba amasosiyete manini y’ikoranabuhanga ashobora kugira uruhare muri iki gikorwa, bishoboka ko amategeko yatinda iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya kandi akaba ashaje vuba, ariko ashingiye ku mahame nko kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu, kutavangura, gukorera mu mucyo n’umutekano, kubazwa ndetse n’inshingano."
Nk’uko umunyamategeko abivuga, uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere ya AI muri Burezili bushingiye ku kaga, busa n'icyitegererezo cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Asobanura agira ati: "Uyu mushinga w'itegeko uteganya amategeko akomeye agenga ikoreshwa rya AI rishobora guteza ibyago byinshi nko kumenyekanisha mu maso no gufata ibyemezo mu bucamanza mu buryo bwikora, bikaba ari ibintu byiza ku baturage."
Yagaragaje izindi ngingo nziza, impuguke ishimangira uruhare rw’abaturage mu gutegura umushinga w’itegeko - ryarimo inzobere, amashuri makuru, n’abikorera - no gushishikariza udushya n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu gihugu. Ashimangira ati: "Uruhare rw’inzego zishinzwe kugenzura ni ngombwa kugira ngo rushobore gutanga umusanzu mu cyerekezo cy’imirenge cyo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga".
Ariko, Patrícia Peck asobanura ko inyandiko ishobora kuba itomoye. Yabisobanuye agira ati: "Inyandiko ni rusange muri rusange; bamwe mu banegura bavuga ko amategeko adasobanutse neza ku ngingo z'ingenzi, zishobora kubangamira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo. Byongeye kandi, urwego rushobora guta igihe, bitewe n'umuvuduko wihuse w'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga."
Hanyuma, niba byemejwe, inyandiko nayo ishobora kubyara izindi mpaka. Umwunganira yagize ati: "Hariho ugushidikanya ku miterere n'umutungo w'inzego zizaba zishinzwe gukurikirana no kubahiriza amategeko".
