Ninde utibuka kaseti ya cassette ya pirate na CD byiganje mubucuruzi bwabacuruzi? Nyuma haje "gatonets" (serivise za tereviziyo zitemewe n'amategeko), kandi vuba aha, serivisi zitemba zitemewe. Umwaka ushize, igikorwa cyakozwe na minisiteri y’ubutabera n’umutekano rusange cyakuyeho imbuga 675 na porogaramu 14 zifite ibintu bidasanzwe.
Noneho nigihe kirageze - videwo zakozwe nubwenge bwubuhanga bushobora kubyara isura namajwi hamwe na realism itangaje. Imiterere irahinduka, ariko logique ni imwe: buri terambere ryikoranabuhanga rizana uburyo bushya bwo guhonyora umutungo wubwenge, uburenganzira, nuburenganzira bwumuryango.
Deepfakes: Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rizana uburyo bushya bwo guhonyora umutungo wubwenge.
Iki kintu cyongera imbogamizi ku biro by’ibicuruzwa n’ibiro by’ipatanti, bishinzwe gutanga iyandikwa no kugenzura isoko kugira ngo hatabaho ikoreshwa nabi ry’umutungo bwite w’abakiriya (IP).
Umunyamategeko Karen Sinnema, umufatanyabikorwa mu kigo cy'amategeko Sinnema Barbosa, usobanura inzobere mu by'amategeko ku mutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge asobanura agira ati: “Iyo habaye ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge, ntibishoboka buri gihe kubikemura bitabaye ngombwa inkiko.”
Ku bwe, intambwe ya mbere yo kwikingira ni iyandikwa ry'ibicuruzwa, nubwo ibyo bitajya bibaho, urebye nta muco uhuriweho muri urwo rwego muri Burezili. Bimaze kwiyandikisha, gukurikirana kenshi birakenewe kandi, akenshi, amategeko arasabwa.
Impuguke igira iti: "Kwiyandikisha ntabwo ubwabyo, byemeza ko uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge buzubahirizwa. Nyuma y’iyi ntambwe, ibigo by’amategeko agenga umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge bihora bikurikirana buri wese ushobora gukoresha nabi ikirango cy’ikimenyetso cy’abandi bantu. Iyo bagaragaje ko hari ibitagenda neza, baharanira itsinda ryabo ryemewe n'amategeko kugira ngo bafate ingamba zikwiye, haba mu gukumira imanza cyangwa bibaye ngombwa, kugira ngo babone igisubizo cy’ubucamanza."
Umunyamategeko Renata Mendonça Barbosa, akaba n'umufatanyabikorwa wa Sinnema Barbosa, ashimangira ko abunganizi mu by'amategeko muri IP bagaragaza, muri buri gihugu, inzira yemewe kandi nziza yo kurwanya ibikorwa by'uburiganya no gusaba indishyi z'akababaro. Aka kazi nogukurikirana bisaba ibigo byumutungo wubwenge cyangwa inganda gukoresha serivisi zamategeko zemewe.
Uyu munyamwuga agira ati: "Izi ni inzira zigoye, duhereye ku mategeko, zishobora kuba zirimo ibimenyetso byinshi cyangwa amagana kandi bigatwara imyaka kugira ngo bikurikiranwe mu nkiko, ariko bafite amahirwe menshi yo gutsinda."
Karen Sinnema na Renata Mendonça Barbosa, abafatanyabikorwa muri Sinnema Barbosa
Itsinda ryamategeko ryitwa Sinnema Barbosa ryerekana urutonde rwintambwe eshanu zo kurinda ikirango cyawe numutungo wubwenge kwirinda uburiganya nubusambo:
- Kwiyandikisha ikirango nintambwe yambere yo kwemeza gukoreshwa wenyine no kurengera amategeko.
- Kurikirana ikoreshwa nabi - guhora ukurikirana imbuga za interineti, imbuga nkoranyambaga, na domaine kugirango umenye amafaranga atemewe.
- Kugira abunganizi mu by'amategeko muri IP - abahanga mu by'amategeko bazobereye mu mutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge batanga ubuyobozi ku ngamba zo gukumira no gukosora.
- Kora vuba mugihe habaye uburiganya - menyesha kandi uganire nababikoze cyangwa se ufate ibyemezo byamategeko kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwinshi, uyobowe nabavoka bunganira IP.
- Komeza inyandiko zawe zigezweho - komeza inyandiko zikoreshwa, amasezerano, nibimenyetso kugirango ushimangire ubwunganizi bwawe.
Ababigize umwuga bashimangira ko Burezili imaze kwiyongera cyane mu gusaba kurengerwa n’amategeko mu rwego rwo guhohotera buri gihe bijyanye no gukoresha nabi uburenganzira bw’ishusho, ikirango, ipatanti, n’umutungo w’inganda.
Mu 2024, gusaba kwandikisha ibicuruzwa byiyongereyeho 10.3% ugereranije na 2023, byose hamwe bikaba 444.037. Amakuru aturuka mu kigo cyigihugu gishinzwe umutungo w’inganda (INPI). Imibare ikurikira isi yose: umubare w’ibikorwa by’ibirango bikora ku isi wiyongereyeho 6.4% muri 2023 ugereranije na 2022.
BIMWE MU BIKORWA BIGARAGARA
Nk’uko Renata Mendonça Barbosa abitangaza ngo ibintu bigenda bigaragara cyane mu gihe cya digitale ni ukunyereza imbuga za interineti n'amazina y'abakoresha (ibimenyetso "@") byerekana imyirondoro ku mbuga nkoranyambaga nka Instagram. Iyo izina cyangwa ikirango byanditswe, uburenganzira bwihariye buboneka kubikoresha nkibiranga imyirondoro na aderesi kuri enterineti.
Imyitozo yerekanye, ariko, ko abafite ibicuruzwa byuburiganya bakoresha uburiganya bakoresha subterfuge kugirango babangamire ubwo burenganzira. Gukoresha izina rimwe, harimo ikimenyetso gitandukanye gusa, cyangwa n'amazina asa, birasanzwe, byangiza nyirubwite nyabyo.
Renata agira ati: "Twagize abakiriya bahuye n'umunani 'ku bimenyetso' bisa n'izina ry'isosiyete, yayoboraga imodoka kure y'ikirango nyacyo." Asobanura ko, kubera ko umukiriya yari amaze kwandikisha ikirangantego, byashobokaga gutanga ubufasha mu by'amategeko no kubahiriza uburenganzira bwabo bakuraho 'ku bimenyetso' byakoreshejwe nabi ikirango cyabo cyanditse.
Karen Sinnema avuga ibibazo byo kwandikisha uburenganzira ndetse no mu maso hawe, nk'uburyo bwo kurinda ikoreshwa nabi ry'ishusho. Ashimangira ati: "Ni umuco ukunze kugaragara mu bahanzi ndetse no mu bantu ku isi hose."
Gutanga ibicuruzwa n'ibisubizo by'ibisubizo, kimwe n'amazina n'ibirango, byangiza ubukungu mu bucuruzi, kandi byangiza umwirondoro wabo n'izina ryabo.
Nk’uko abanyamategeko bo muri Sinnema Barbosa babitangaza, ngo hari ingamba zifatika usanga ibimenyetso by’ibicuruzwa n’ibiro by’ipatanti bisanzwe bifata kugira ngo imikoreshereze n’imikorere idasanzwe birangwe. Hano hepfo urutonde rwa buri ntambwe nuburyo abunganizi mu by'amategeko bakora kuri buri cyiciro.
- Kugenzura imikoreshereze y’ibirango muri INPI (Ikigo cy’igihugu cya Berezile gishinzwe umutungo w’inganda)
Buri cyumweru, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe umutungo w’inganda (INPI) gisohora Ikinyamakuru cy’umutungo w’inganda (RPI), gikubiyemo ibyifuzo bishya byo kwiyandikisha hamwe n’ibyemezo by’ubuyobozi. Guhora ukurikirana iki gitabo ni ngombwa mu kumenya ibyifuzo bisa cyangwa kwiyandikisha nabi. Kuri iki cyiciro, abunganizi mu by'amategeko basesengura ingaruka zishobora kubaho kandi, nibiba ngombwa, batanga ubuyobozi ku buyobozi butavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, bikabuza kwandikisha ikirango kivuguruzanya.
- Ikigeragezo cya mbere: amasezerano yubwumvikane
Iyo hagaragaye ihohoterwa ry'ikirango, intambwe yambere isabwa ni ukumenyeshwa mu rukiko. Iyi nyandiko yemewe iramenyesha uwahohotewe kandi igashaka igisubizo cyubwumvikane-akenshi birahagije kugirango ihohoterwa ridatabaza inkiko. Abunganizi mu by'amategeko bategura kandi bohereza imenyekanisha mu buryo bunoze, ryemeza neza, umutekano, n'imbaraga zemewe n'amategeko mu itumanaho.
- Iyo ibiganiro binaniwe: ibikorwa byemewe n'amategeko.
Niba uwarenganye adahagaritse gukoresha nabi, ufite ikirango ashobora kwitabaza amategeko. Kuri iki cyiciro, uruhare rw'avoka ni ngombwa mu gutanga icyifuzo gikwiye, gishobora kuba gikubiyemo itegeko ryo gukoresha, gukuraho iyandikwa ridakwiye, no kurinda irushanwa ridakwiye. Intego ni uguhagarika ihohoterwa no kurinda umwihariko w'ikirangantego.
- Indishyi z'ibyangiritse
Usibye gukumira ikoreshwa nabi, nyir'ikirango ashobora kandi gusaba indishyi z'ibyangiritse ku bintu ndetse no mu myifatire iyo bagize igihombo. Abunganizi mu by'amategeko bashinzwe gukusanya ibimenyetso, kubara ibyangiritse, no gukora ikirego mu buryo bwemeza indishyi zuzuye ku gihombo cyatewe.
