Kuva yatangira mu 2020, Pix yahinduye isoko ry'imari rya Brezili, iba uburyo bwo kwishyura bukundwa n'abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni. Inyungu yayo nyamukuru iri mu buryo bworoshye n'umuvuduko wayo: yemerera kohereza amafaranga mu buryo butunguranye, amasaha 24 ku munsi, nta mashini y'ikarita cyangwa amafaranga. Icyo ukeneye gusa ni konti ya banki n'urufunguzo rwa Pix, nka CPF (indangamuntu y'umusoro yo muri Brezili) cyangwa nimero ya terefone, kugira ngo utangire kuyikoresha. Ubu buryo bwazanye inyungu, cyane cyane ku bahabwa amafaranga, nk'abacuruzi bato n'abakozi bigenga, bashobora gukora nta yandi mafaranga cyangwa ibibazo bya tekiniki.
Nubwo ikunzwe cyane, Pix iracyafite imbogamizi zo kuba yakwifashishwa mu buryo bwuzuye. Ku bantu bishyura, telefoni zigendanwa na interineti ni ngombwa, bishobora kuba imbogamizi ku bageze mu za bukuru, abantu bafite amashuri make, cyangwa abatuye mu cyaro. Nubwo ikoreshwa rya telefoni zigendanwa n'uburyo interineti yagutse cyane, gushyiramo aya matsinda biracyasaba imbaraga, nko kwamamaza ubumenyi mu ikoranabuhanga no kunoza ibikorwa remezo byo guhuza. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibisubizo byemerera ibikorwa byo gucuruza hanze y'urubuga, hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiba no gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga, bishobora kuba uburyo bwo kwagura uburyo bwo kubigeraho. Sisitemu nka Google Pay na Apple Pay zisanzwe zibikora, zituma amafaranga atangizwa nta muntu wishyura afite umurongo ufatika, hakoreshejwe umurongo wa interineti w'uwakira.
Umutekano nawo ni ikibazo gihoraho. Kuva ku manza za mbere z’ubushimusi bwakozwe ku buryo bwa vuba n’ubujura bukorwa hifashishijwe kohereza amafaranga ako kanya, Banki Nkuru yabyihutiye, ishyiraho imipaka ku bikorwa bya nijoro , kandi muri uku kwezi yashyizeho umupaka wa R$ 200 ku bikoresho bishya bitaranditswe nk’ibyemewe muri porogaramu ya banki (ibi bizakurikizwa gusa ku bikoresho bitari bikoreshwa mbere ya 01/12/2024). Nubwo izi ngamba zagabanyije ikwirakwira ry’ibyaha, zanashyizeho imipaka igira ingaruka ku bunararibonye bw’abakoresha bemewe. Gushaka ibisubizo bibungabunga umutekano bidasize inyuma ubushobozi bwo kubikoresha biracyari ikibazo.
Indi ngingo y'ingenzi ni uburiganya bujyanye no kwishyura mbere y'igihe, aho abatekamutwe bakira amafaranga bakayabura batatanze ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi basezeranyije. Uburyo bwihariye bwo kugaruza amafaranga (MED) bwashyizweho kugira ngo bukemure ibi bibazo, butuma amafaranga asubizwa mu bihe byagaragaye ko hari uburiganya. Nubwo butarakoreshwa neza, MED igaragaza iterambere rikomeye, ryahumetswe na sisitemu yo gusubiza amafaranga ku ikarita y'inguzanyo, kandi igomba gukwirakwizwa cyane kugira ngo abakoresha bagire icyizere.
Uburyo bumwe bushobora guhindura imiterere y’iyi serivisi ni ukwishyura amafaranga ya escrow. Muri ubu buryo, amafaranga azatangwa gusa nyuma yuko umuguzi yemereye ko agezwa. Ibi byatanga umutekano mwinshi ku mpande zombi kandi byagira akamaro cyane cyane mu bikorwa byo kuri interineti. Byongeye kandi, kwagura ikoreshwa rya tokenization mu bikorwa byo kuri interineti bizatuma amakuru y’ingenzi arindwa, ndetse no mu bidukikije bitari kuri interineti, bitanga umutekano w’inyongera.
Uburinganire hagati yo kugera ku bantu benshi no kurinda umutekano ni ingenzi ku hazaza ha Pix. Ibisubizo bihuza ikoranabuhanga nka biometrics, tokenization, na intermediation bishobora kwagura uburyo sisitemu igeramo nta kwangiza uburinzi bw'abakoresha. Kwinjira mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, nabyo ni ingenzi mu kugabanya uburiganya, kongera ubumenyi no guha abantu benshi ubushobozi bwo gukoresha Pix mu mutekano.
Urebye imbere, Pix iracyafite byinshi itanga. Kwishyura amafaranga ukoresheje contactless, gahunda zo kwishyura mu byiciro, no kubikuza amafaranga mu buryo butaziguye byamaze gutegurwa muri Brezili kandi byamaze gukoreshwa muri sisitemu nk'izo mu mahanga, nka UPI yo mu Buhinde na PayNow yo muri Singapuru. Guhuza sosiyete mpuzamahanga nabyo birashoboka, aho Project Nexus yo muri Banki Mpuzamahanga y’Imiturire (BIS) itanga igitekerezo cyo gushyiraho uburyo mpuzamahanga bwo koroshya kohereza amafaranga ku isi.
Pix isanzwe ari urugero rw'udushya n'imikorere myiza, ariko kugira ngo ikomeze kuyobora, igomba guhora itera imbere. Gushora imari mu ikoranabuhanga rishya, kwagura uburyo bwo kugera ku ikoranabuhanga mu bice bidafite aho bihuriye cyane, no gushimangira umutekano ni intambwe z'ingenzi kugira ngo Abanyabrezili bose babone ibyiza byayo bafite icyizere n'amahoro yo mu mutima.
