Vuba aha, ikoranabuhanga ku isi n’isoko ry’abakozi ryiboneye urukozasoni rukwiye inkuru zikomeye z’ubutasi bw’amasosiyete: Rippling, igihangange gifite agaciro ka miliyari zisaga 13 z’amadolari y’Amerika, yatanze ikirego ashinja mu buryo butaziguye umunywanyi wacyo Deel, ufite agaciro ka miliyari 12 z’amadolari y’Amerika, ubutasi bw’inganda. Usibye ibirego bikomeye, uru rubanza rwaje rutangaje - kandi, bigomba kuvugwa, sinema - ibisobanuro birambuye ku buryo bivugwa ko ari intasi yavumbuwe.
Nk’uko Rippling abitangaza ngo umukozi uherereye muri Irilande yinjiraga mu buryo butemewe n’imiyoboro ya Slack, ashakisha amakuru yerekeye ingamba z’ubucuruzi na gahunda yo kwagura, cyane cyane ibijyanye na Deel. Kugira ngo yemeze gukekwa, Rippling yashyizeho umutego - uzwi muri jargon y’umutekano wa digitale nka honeypot - gushiraho umuyoboro wa Slack wimpimbano aho abakozi bavuga ko baganiriye na Deel nabi. Ukekwaho kwihutira gukekwaho icyaha, bivugwa ko yasuye umuyoboro w’impimbano nyuma y’amasaha make umutego ufashwe, byari bihagije kugira ngo hemeze isosiyete ko hari igikorwa cy’ubutasi cyateguwe na mukeba wacyo.
Ibintu byahindutse cyane mu gihe, amaze kubona icyemezo cy'urukiko cyo gutanga telefoni ye, ukekwaho kuba umukozi yirutse mu bwiherero kandi bivugwa ko yagerageje kuyisenya, ndetse agerageza no kujugunya mu musarani. Iyi myitwarire, yibutsa ibintu bisanzwe bigaragara muri firime za polisi, gusa byagize uruhare mu gushimangira amakenga no kurushaho gukaza umurego.
Iki gice kiributsa izindi manza zizwi z’ubutasi bw’amasosiyete, nk’amakimbirane yabaye mu mateka hagati ya Coca-Cola na Pepsi, yarimo abakozi bahana amakuru y’ibanga ku bijyanye n’ibisubizo ndetse n’ingamba z’ubucuruzi, cyangwa urubanza ruherutse kuba rurimo abayobozi ba Uber, bashinjwaga ubutasi bw’inganda kuri Google mu marushanwa y’imodoka zigenga. Urukozasoni rwa Enron, nubwo rudafitanye isano n’ubutasi, runatanga urugero rwiza rwo kunanirwa imyitwarire no kubahiriza amategeko yamanuye igihangange kandi cyahinduye rwose isoko ryimari.
Mu rwego rw’umuco, ntibishoboka ko tutibuka filime ya kera ya Wall Street (1987), aho Gordon Gekko yakuyeho imvugo ngo "umururumba ni mwiza," byerekana imyumvire igoramye ku myitwarire mu bucuruzi. Ariko niba hari ikintu gishobora kwigishwa mubihimbano - no mubibazo byavuzwe - ni uko kwirengagiza igenzura ryimbere hamwe n’imiyoborere myiza bizana ingaruka nyazo kandi akenshi zangiza ku masosiyete abigizemo uruhare.
Ibyo Rippling na Deel amakimbirane yerekana nibyo bikenewe byihutirwa gushimangira igenzura ryimbere mumasosiyete yingero zose. Ni ngombwa ko amashyirahamwe ashyiraho politiki yumutekano isobanutse neza, kugabanya kwinjira imbere, no gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura no kugenzura. Kurenga gukumira gusa ubutasi bwibigo, ibyo bikorwa ninkingi yumuco uhamye kandi wimyitwarire, bigabanya cyane ingaruka zamategeko nicyubahiro.
Gahunda yo kubahiriza gahunda , ishyigikiwe n’imiyoborere ihamye kandi ikora neza, igenda iba ingenzi kuruta mbere hose. Igenzura ryimbere ryimbere, rihujwe nibikorwa byiza mpuzamahanga kandi hamwe na raporo zisobanutse hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora iperereza ryimbere mu gihugu, ni ibikoresho byingirakamaro mu kurinda ibikorwa bidakwiye gusa, ahubwo no kwirinda amakimbirane ahenze y’amategeko ndetse n’ibibazo bizwi.
Isomo riva mu makimbirane hagati ya Rippling na Deel rirasobanutse: kwirengagiza akamaro ko kubahiriza imiyoborere n’imiyoborere ntibikiri amahitamo meza ku masosiyete ashaka gutera imbere ku buryo burambye - harimo no gutangiza. Igihe kirageze cyo kumenya ko imikorere myiza atari inshingano zemewe gusa, ahubwo ishoramari ryibikorwa byemeza ubusugire no kuramba kwamasosiyete ku isoko ryisi.
Nkuko Gekko yabivumbuye nyuma yimyaka mirongo, umururumba ntabwo ari mwiza iyo uza udafite inshingano hamwe nimyitwarire myiza. Mu isi isanzwe, ubucuruzi burambye bwubakiye ku kwizerana, gukorera mu mucyo, no kubahiriza amategeko agenga umukino - ikintu amasosiyete yose, uko yaba angana kose, byaba byiza twibutse, kubera ko mu bucuruzi, mu buryo butandukanye na firime, nta mahirwe ya kabiri yo kongera kubaka izina ryatakaye.
* Matheus Martins ni inzobere mu mategeko y’ubucuruzi yakuye muri Getúlio Vargas Foundation (FGV) no muri Private Equity, Venture Capital na Startup Investments, nayo yo muri FGV. Byongeye kandi, ni umufatanyabikorwa muri Barcelos Martins Advogados, ikigo cyibanze ku bisubizo byemewe n'amategeko kubitangira.
