Igisobanuro:
Guhindura ibikoresho ni inzira yo gutegura, kuyishyira mu bikorwa, no kugenzura neza kandi neza mu bukungu ibikoresho fatizo, kubara-ibikorwa-byo gutondekanya, ibicuruzwa byarangiye, hamwe namakuru ajyanye kuva aho akoreshwa kugeza aho akomoka, hagamijwe gufata agaciro cyangwa guta neza ibicuruzwa.
Ibisobanuro:
Ibikoresho bihindagurika ni kimwe mu bigize urwego rutanga ibintu bijyanye no kugenda kw'ibicuruzwa n'ibikoresho mu cyerekezo gitandukanye na gakondo, ni ukuvuga, uhereye ku muguzi ugaruka kuwukora cyangwa ugitanga. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo gukusanya, gutondeka, gusubiramo, no kugabura ibicuruzwa byakoreshejwe, ibice, nibikoresho.
Ibice nyamukuru:
1. Gukusanya: Gukusanya ibicuruzwa byakoreshejwe, byangiritse, cyangwa bidakenewe.
2. Kugenzura / Guhitamo: Gusuzuma imiterere y'ibicuruzwa byagarutse.
3. Gusubiramo: Gusana, kongera gukora, cyangwa gutunganya ibintu.
4. Kugabana: Kongera kwinjiza ibicuruzwa byagaruwe ku isoko cyangwa kujugunywa neza.
Intego:
- Kugarura agaciro k'ibicuruzwa byakoreshejwe cyangwa byangiritse
- Kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije binyuze mu kongera gukoresha no gutunganya.
- Kurikiza amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije n’ibicuruzwa.
- Kunoza kunyurwa kwabakiriya binyuze muri politiki nziza yo kugaruka.
Ikoreshwa rya Reverse Logistics muri E-ubucuruzi
Guhindura ibikoresho byahindutse igice cyingenzi mubikorwa bya e-ubucuruzi, bigira ingaruka zitaziguye kubakiriya, imikorere myiza, no kuramba. Dore bimwe mubisabwa byingenzi:
1. Garuka Ubuyobozi:
- Yorohereza ibicuruzwa byo kugaruka kubakiriya.
- Gushoboza gutunganya byihuse kandi neza.
2. Gusubiramo no gukoresha ibicuruzwa:
- Gushyira mubikorwa gahunda yo gutaha yo gusubiramo.
- Koresha ibipapuro byongera gukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye imyanda.
3. Kugarura ibicuruzwa:
- Gusubiramo ibicuruzwa byagarutsweho kugirango bigurishwe nka "byavuguruwe"
- Kugarura ibice byagaciro mubicuruzwa bidasubirwaho
4. Gucunga ibarura:
- Kugarura neza ibicuruzwa byagaruwe mububiko.
- Kugabanya igihombo kijyanye nibicuruzwa bitagurishijwe cyangwa byangiritse.
5. Kuramba:
- Kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije binyuze mu gutunganya no gukoresha.
- Guteza imbere ishusho yikimenyetso ishinzwe kandi irambye.
6. Kubahiriza amabwiriza:
- Yubahiriza amabwiriza yerekeye guta ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki na batiri.
- Yubahiriza amategeko yagutse yumusaruro
7. Kunoza uburambe bwabakiriya:
- Tanga ibintu byoroshye kandi byoroshye-gukoresha-politiki yo kugaruka.
- Byongera icyizere cyabakiriya mubirango.
8. Gucunga ibicuruzwa ibihe:
- Isubirana kandi ibika ibicuruzwa byigihembwe gitaha.
- Kugabanya igihombo kijyanye nibintu bitari ibihe.
9. Isesengura ryamakuru yatanzwe:
- Gukusanya amakuru ajyanye nimpamvu zo kugaruka kunoza ibicuruzwa nibikorwa.
- Kumenya uburyo bwo kugaruka kugirango wirinde ibibazo biri imbere.
10. Ubufatanye n’abandi bantu:
- Gufatanya namasosiyete kabuhariwe mu guhindura ibikoresho kugirango arusheho gukora neza.
- Ikoresha ibice byo gukwirakwiza ibinyuranye kugirango bitunganyirizwe hamwe.
Inyungu kuri e-ubucuruzi:
- Kongera kunyurwa kwabakiriya nubudahemuka
- Kugabanya ibiciro binyuze mugusubirana agaciro kubicuruzwa byagarutse
- Kunoza ishusho yikimenyetso nkibidukikije
- Kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ibidukikije
- Kunoza imicungire y'ibarura
Inzitizi:
Ibiciro byambere byo gushyira mubikorwa sisitemu yo gusubiza inyuma.
- Ingorabahizi muguhuza imigendekere yinyuma nibikorwa bisanzwe
- Gukenera amahugurwa y'abakozi kugirango bakemure inzira zinyuranye.
- Ingorane zo guhanura ingano yo kugaruka no gutegura ubushobozi.
- Kwinjiza sisitemu yamakuru kugirango akurikirane ibicuruzwa muburyo butandukanye. Guhindura ibikoresho muri e-ubucuruzi ntabwo bikenewe gusa mubikorwa ahubwo ni amahirwe yibikorwa. Mugushira mubikorwa uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura ibikoresho, amasosiyete ya e-ubucuruzi arashobora kunoza cyane uburambe bwabakiriya, kugabanya ibiciro byakazi, no kwerekana ubushake mubikorwa bihamye. Mugihe abaguzi barushijeho kumenya ibibazo byibidukikije kandi bagasaba guhinduka muguhaha kumurongo, ibikoresho bihinduka bihinduka itandukaniro rikomeye mumarushanwa kumasoko ya e-bucuruzi.
