Amasoko yose, nta kurobanura, arimo kuba ikoranabuhanga kandi yihuta. Mu isi y'ubucuruzi, amasosiyete ashaka uburyo bwo kwakira no kwishyura byoroshye, byihuse, bidakoresha ibiro, kandi bihendutse. Kubwibyo, ntibitangaje kuba amasosiyete ya cryptocurrencies yafashwe nk'ihuriro ry'udushya, afite ubushobozi bunini bwo kunoza ubucuruzi, cyane cyane mu bikorwa bihuriweho n'ibihugu bitandukanye.
Muri make, iki gisubizo gitanga amahirwe mashya ku bigo n'abaguzi. Impamvu ni iyoroshye: koroshya inzira z'imari. Ihererekanya ry'imari ku isi rirushaho kuba ingirakamaro kandi risobanutse neza hamwe n'uyu mutungo, kuko ryemerera kwinjiza ikoranabuhanga nka blockchain na smart contracts.
Urugero, reka turebe ibintu bibiri by’ikibazo kimwe: ikigo cy’igihugu gishaka kugura ubwato bw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli bw’Uburusiya. Icya mbere, hatabayeho gukoresha cryptocurrencies, amafaranga yagombye gushyirwa kuri konti ya escrow, ikora nk'umuhuza wo kubika amafaranga mu gihe cy’ubucuruzi, muri kimwe muri ibyo bihugu byombi, nk'ingwate yo kwishyura. Mu yandi magambo, iyo ubwato bugeze aho bujya, amafaranga yarekurwaga maze hakajyaho igikorwa cyo kuvunjisha amafaranga, bigatera ingorane zijyanye n’ibintu bitandukanye nko gutwara, gutanga ibicuruzwa, ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa, nibindi.
Mu buryo bwa kabiri, hamwe n’amafaranga y’impinduka yinjira mu mukino, izi ntambwe zose zishobora kuba nkeya mu gihe hashyizweho amasezerano y’ubwenge. Ubu buryo ubwabwo butanga ingwate yo kwishyura kuko buhita kandi bufite umutekano. Muri ubwo buryo, ababigizemo uruhare baba bahuje imiterere, ntibagira ingaruka nyinshi ku ihindagurika ry’isoko, kandi bakora ibikorwa bivugwa nta ngorane zikomeye.
Ibyiza byinshi, ingaruka nke
Nubwo ibikorwa by'imari byazamuye urwego rushya rw'imikorere, impungenge zikomeye ku bijyanye n'ihindagurika ry'ifaranga rya crypto ni ukudahinduka kw'ibiciro. Ariko, tugomba kumva ko iyi miterere isanzwe ihari muri iki gihe, hatitawe ku ikoreshwa ry'amafaranga y'ikoranabuhanga.
Kubera ko ahanini bireba abantu benshi ba gatatu ndetse n'ibintu byinshi bitazwi ku isi, ubwo bwoko bw'ingaruka buri mu mibanire y'ubucuruzi iriho ubu. Ariko, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gukuraho inzira zitari ngombwa mu biganiro ni inyungu ikomeye kuruta imbogamizi iyo ari yo yose ishobora kuvuka.
Ifaranga rya Cryptocurrency rikuraho ingorane zose zishobora kubaho mu by’amategeko mu bikorwa mpuzamahanga. Uburyo bwateguwe bushobora kwakira amakuru arambuye ku gipimo cy’ivunjisha mu masezerano, bigatanga uburyo bwo kumenya neza ibyo amasosiyete afite amahirwe yo kugenzura no guteganya.
Urugendo rw'amategeko
Nyuma y’izamuka ry’ishoramari rya crypto, amategeko yabaye ingingo ikomeye iganirwaho ku isi yose, kugira ngo harebwe ko iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko n’umutekano mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi. Muri Brezili, itegeko ryonyine ririho kuri iri soko ubu ni Normative Instruction (IN) 188, risaba serivisi n’abakora mu bucuruzi bwa Over-the-Counter (OTC) gutanga raporo y’umusoro ku nyungu.
Kubera ko ishoramari ryiyongereye muri uru rwego, hari ngombwa cyane ko iyi gahunda irushaho kunozwa. Ibi byagira uruhare mu mwuga muri uru rwego, kuko amasosiyete akoreramo agomba gukurikiza amahame amwe n'amwe, bigatuma abashoramari ku giti cyabo n'ibigo by'imari barushaho gukomera mu mategeko.
Amasosiyete menshi aracyatinya gushora imari mu mafaranga y’u Rwanda bitewe nuko nta muvuduko uri mu nzego z’amategeko. Ku rundi ruhande, ntitwabura kubona ko iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rijyanye no gutunganya quantum na Generative Artificial Intelligence riri gufasha amasosiyete menshi kwirinda abakora nabi, bikingira ibikorwa byayo. Byongeye kandi, ibi bikoresho bizaba ingenzi cyane muri Brezili bitewe no kuza kwa DREX, ifaranga rya digitale rya Banki Nkuru ya Brezili, riteganijwe gutangizwa mu 2025.
Isi ya crypto si ikintu cyo mu gihe kiri imbere. Ni ukuri gutangiye guhindura uburyo amasosiyete akora ubucuruzi. Abantu ku giti cyabo n'amasosiyete bagomba gusobanukirwa kurushaho ko iyi ari inzira y'ingenzi ku isoko ry'imari, ishobora guteza imbere ubucuruzi n'ubukungu bwose.
