Mu myaka yashize, umutekano wa interineti wabaye ingingo zingirakamaro kumiryango, cyane cyane bitewe nubwiyongere bukabije bwibitero bya interineti. Muri uyu mwaka, imbogamizi zizarushaho kuba ingorabahizi, aho abagizi ba nabi bakoresha Intelligence Intelligence ku mpande nyinshi - kimwe no kwiyongera kwa sisitemu ya sisitemu ndetse n’ubuhanga buhanitse bukoreshwa n’abagizi ba nabi ba interineti.
Ingamba zo kwirwanaho zizakenera guhinduka kugirango zikemure ibibazo bishya, nkubwiyongere bugaragara mukuzimya ibyangombwa byemewe hamwe no gukoresha ibishushanyo mbonera mubidukikije. Muri iyi myumvire, twashyizeho urutonde rw'iterabwoba rikwiye gutuma CISO iba maso nijoro muri 2025:
Ibyangombwa byemewe nibyo bizibandwaho.
Igipimo cya 2024 cya IBM Threat Intelligence Index cyerekanye ko 71% by’ibitero byibasiye iyimurwa ry’ibyangombwa byemewe. Mu rwego rwa serivisi, byibuze 46% by'ibyabaye birimo konti zemewe, mu gihe mu rwego rwo gukora iyi mibare yari 31%.
Bwa mbere mu 2024, gukoresha konti zemewe byabaye ibintu byinjira cyane muri sisitemu, bingana na 30% by'ibyabaye byose. Ibi birerekana ko byoroshye abanyabyaha ba cyber kwiba ibyangombwa kuruta gukoresha intege nke cyangwa kwishingikiriza gusa kubitero byuburobyi.
Ibicu bitari byo ni agatsinsino ka Achilles.
Hamwe nibigo byinshi bikoresha ibidukikije, nibisanzwe ko bigoye gucunga ibidukikije biziyongera gusa, kimwe nibibazo - hamwe nikibazo cyo kubona abakozi kabuhariwe. Zimwe mumpamvu zikunze kugaragara kumena amakuru mugicu zifitanye isano nuburyo butari bwiza bwibidukikije: kubura kugenzura, indobo zibitswe zidakingiwe, cyangwa gushyira mubikorwa politiki yumutekano idahwitse.
Inyungu zo kubara ibicu zigomba kuringanizwa no gukurikiranira hafi no kugena umutekano kugirango wirinde guhura namakuru yihariye. Ibi bisaba ishyirahamwe ryumutekano wibicu: guhora ugenzura, indangamuntu ikwiye no gucunga neza, hamwe no gukoresha ibikoresho nibikorwa kugirango tumenye nabi mbere yuko biba umutekano.
Abagizi ba nabi bazakoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo gutera.
Iminsi ibitero byibasiye igicuruzwa kimwe cyangwa intege nke zashize. Uyu mwaka, imwe mu mpungenge ziteye ubwoba mu kurinda umutekano wa interineti ni ukongera gukoresha ibitero byinshi ndetse n’uburyo bwinshi.
Abagizi ba nabi bakoresha interineti bakoresheje amayeri, tekinike, nuburyo bukoreshwa (TTP), bagamije ahantu hamwe icyarimwe kugirango barenze ku kwirwanaho. Hazabaho kandi kwiyongera no guhunga ibitero bishingiye ku mbuga za interineti, ibitero bishingiye kuri dosiye, ibitero bishingiye kuri DNS, n'ibitero by'incungu, bikagora cyane ibikoresho by’umutekano gakondo, byitaruye kurinda neza iterabwoba rigezweho.
Porogaramu ya AI yakozwe na ransomware izongera iterabwoba ku buryo bugaragara.
Mu 2024, ibibanza by'incungu byahindutse cyane, birangwa nuburyo bugezweho kandi bukaze bwo kwambura interineti. Abagizi ba nabi bahindutse barenze ibitero bishingiye kuri crypto, babanje gukora tekinike zo kunyaga kabiri na gatatu byongera cyane igitutu ku mashyirahamwe agamije. Ubu buryo bugezweho ntabwo bukubiyemo gusa guhishira amakuru ahubwo binashyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo gusohora amakuru y'ibanga no kubangamira kumenyekanisha ku mugaragaro, guhatira abahohotewe gutekereza ku ncungu kugira ngo birinde ibyangiritse byemewe n'amategeko.
Kugaragara kwa Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) byahinduye demokarasi icyaha cyikoranabuhanga, bituma abanyabyaha badafite ubuhanga buke bagaba ibitero bigoye bafite ubumenyi buke. Icy'ingenzi, ni uko ibyo bitero bigenda byibasira inzego zifite agaciro gakomeye nk'ubuvuzi, ibikorwa remezo bikomeye, na serivisi z’imari, byerekana uburyo bufatika bwo kongera inyungu zishobora gutangwa.
Udushya mu ikoranabuhanga turusheho kongera iterabwoba. Abagizi ba nabi ba cyber ubu barimo gukoresha AI kugirango bahindure ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza, kumenya intege nke za sisitemu neza, no kunoza itangwa ryincungu. Kwishyira hamwe kwikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa cyane hamwe no gukoresha imari yegerejwe abaturage (DeFi) bitanga ubundi buryo bwo kwimuka bwihuse bwihuse no gutambutsa ibicuruzwa, bikagaragaza imbogamizi zikomeye zo gukurikirana no gutabara kwabayobozi.
AI yibasiwe na fishing yibibazo bizaba ikibazo.
Gukoresha AI ibyara umusaruro mugukora ibitero byuburobyi nabanyabyaha ba cyber ni ugukora imeri ya fishing isa nkaho itandukanijwe nubutumwa bwemewe. Umwaka ushize, dukurikije amakuru yatanzwe na Palo Alto Networks, habayeho kwiyongera 30% mugushaka kugerageza kuroba mugihe imeri yanditswe cyangwa yanditswe na sisitemu ya AI itanga umusaruro. Abantu bazarushaho kwizerwa nkumurongo wanyuma wo kwirwanaho, kandi ibigo bizashingira kurinda umutekano wateye imbere, bikoreshwa na AI kugirango birinde ibyo bitero bikomeye.
Kubara Quantum bizatera ikibazo cyumutekano.
Mu Kwakira gushize, abashakashatsi b'Abashinwa bavuze ko bakoresheje mudasobwa ya kwant kugira ngo bamenye ibanga rya RSA - uburyo bwo kubika ibanga butamenyerewe bukoreshwa muri iki gihe. Abahanga bakoresheje urufunguzo rwa biti 50 - ni ruto ugereranije nurufunguzo rugezweho rwibanga, mubisanzwe 1024 kugeza 2048.
Mubyigisho, mudasobwa ya kwant ishobora gufata amasegonda make kugirango ikemure ikibazo mudasobwa zisanzwe zafata imyaka miriyoni kugirango gikemuke, kubera ko imashini za kwant zishobora gutunganya kubara kuburinganire, ntabwo bikurikiranye gusa nkuko bimeze ubu. Nubwo ibitero bishingiye kuri kwant bikiriho imyaka mike, amashyirahamwe agomba gutangira kwitegura nonaha. Bakeneye kwimuka muburyo bwibanga bushobora kwihanganira kwifungisha kugirango barinde amakuru yabo afite agaciro.
