Mu myaka yashize, ibiganiro bijyanye no guhindura imibare byafashe umwanya wa mbere muri buri murenge, kuva mu bucuruzi buciriritse bwimiryango kugeza ku masosiyete manini mpuzamahanga. Hano haravugwa kwikora, ubwenge bwubuhanga, kwemeza ibicu, hamwe nubucuruzi bwubucuruzi bubangamira ikoreshwa ryamakuru.
Ariko, iyo turebye neza, tumenya ko byinshi muribi bikorwa, nubwo ari ngombwa, byarangira bigashyirwa mubikorwa muburyo bumwe; ni ukuvuga, buri shami rigerageza kwikemurira ibibazo byonyine. Ibi bitera kwibaza ikibazo cyibanze: dushobora gutekereza ko tumaze kugera mugihe ibikorwa byose byibigo byandikwa neza?
Kugirango usobanukirwe neza ibyagezweho, birakenewe gutandukanya impinduka ya digitale ubwayo no kurangiza inzira ya nyuma. Iyambere ifitanye isano no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, muburyo bumwe, kuvugurura ishyirahamwe no kuzana iterambere ryinshi, nko kwamamaza ibicuruzwa cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho byo gusesengura amakuru. Iheruka, nayo, isaba icyerekezo cya sisitemu, ishoboye guhuza ibikorwa byakazi hagati yimirenge itandukanye no gukora urunana hamwe na 100% byuruhererekane rwibikorwa.
Ikibazo gikomeye hano nuko ihinduka rya digitale ubwaryo rikunze kugaragara nkijambo rinini cyane, ariko niba nta mbaraga zo guhuza ibyo bisubizo, ibisubizo birashobora kuba icyegeranyo cya "silos ya digitale", aho buri shami rikorana nibikoresho byitaruye, nta itumanaho rihoraho hamwe nabandi bagize sosiyete. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwa digitifike - byunvikana nkubushobozi bwo gusimbuza ibikorwa byamaboko, impapuro, gukora, hamwe namakuru yamakuru hamwe numurongo wizewe kandi wizewe - biracyari kure yukuri kumiryango myinshi.
Guhindura imibare muri silos
Bamwe bavuga ko guhindura imibare yacecetse ari intambwe yambere. Ni ukuvuga, nibisanzwe ko amashami nko kugurisha, kwamamaza, cyangwa IT ibaye iyambere mugukemura ibisubizo bigezweho, kubera ko icyifuzo cyikoranabuhanga muriyi mirenge gisanzwe cyihutirwa. Nyamara, ikibazo kivuka mugihe izi gahunda zidashyikirana kandi ntizikurikize igishushanyo mbonera cyiterambere. Ninkaho kugira moteri igezweho mumodoka ifite amapine yumuhondo: igice kigezweho ntabwo cyemeza ko imodoka yose izakora neza, kuko hariho ibice byingenzi bititabweho bikenewe.
Biramenyerewe cyane, kurugero, kubona ibigo bishora imari cyane mubikorwa bya CRM kugirango bitezimbere umubano wabakiriya mugihe icyarimwe gikomeza kwishura intoki kandi zidahuye, kwishura, cyangwa nibikorwa byabakozi. Uku kutandukana gutera inzitizi zishobora, umunsi urangiye, zishobora guhungabanya imikorere yicyo gikoresho cya CRM kuko amakuru arangira adahujwe nubukungu cyangwa ibikorwa. Rero, ishyirahamwe ntirishobora kugira icyerekezo kimwe cyabakiriya cyangwa inzira, kandi ikoreshwa ryamakuru yo gufata ibyemezo rirabangamiwe.
Gukoresha imibare no kwishyira hamwe: kuki ari ngombwa?
Tekereza isosiyete ikorana nimpapuro nyinshi, isaba buriwese gusinywa nintoki n’amashyaka atandukanye, hanyuma akayasikana kandi akabikwa muri sisitemu zitandukanye. Noneho, gereranya uku kuri nundi, aho inyandiko zavutse zikoreshwa muburyo bwa digitale hanyuma ukanyura mubikorwa byikora byemewe, uhita umenyesha ababishinzwe kuri buri cyiciro, kubika verisiyo zabanjirije iyi, no kwemerera umukono wa elegitoroniki byemewe n'amategeko. Muri iki gihe cya kabiri, ntabwo igihe cyo gutunganya cyagabanutse cyane, ariko hariho ninyungu mumutekano, gukurikirana, no kubahiriza amabwiriza.
Inyungu nyamukuru yo kubara inzira iherezo-iherezo ntabwo iri mu kugabanya ibiciro byakazi gusa - nubwo iki ari ikintu gifatika - ariko no mugushiraho urusobe rwibinyabuzima rutuma ibyemezo bifata ibyemezo byihuse bishingiye kumibare yizewe. Niba buri shami rikoresha ibikoresho byihariye, biragoye cyane gukusanya amakuru kugirango habeho ubushishozi mubikorwa byubucuruzi muri rusange. Iyo inzira ihuriweho, amakuru arashobora gukusanywa, gutunganywa, no gusesengurwa mugihe nyacyo, bikingura amahirwe yo gusesengura ibintu byafasha kumenya ibibazo no kumenya amahirwe.
Iyindi nyungu nini ni kugabanya ingaruka, cyane cyane mugihe aho umutekano wamakuru n’ibanga ryamakuru bigenda bigengwa n amategeko nka LGPD muri Berezile na GDPR i Burayi. Iyo inzira igizwe nimibare, biroroshye byoroshye gushyira mubikorwa politiki yo kugenzura, kubika byikora, no kugenzura kugenzura. Ibi bigabanya cyane amahirwe yo kumeneka, gutakaza inyandiko, hamwe nuburiganya. Byongeye kandi, kubahiriza amategeko byoroha kwerekana inzego zishinzwe kugenzura, kubera ko imikoranire yose yanditswe kandi ikagenzurwa.
Ntidushobora kwibagirwa ingaruka kuburambe bwabakiriya, haba imbere ndetse no hanze. Abakiriya ba nyuma bakunda guha agaciro ibigo bitanga imikoranire yihuse kandi ikora neza, bitabasabye kuzuza impapuro cyangwa guhamagara terefone zidashira kugirango bakemure ibibazo. Kurundi ruhande, abakozi nabo bungukirwa nakazi koroheje gakuraho imirimo no gukora inyandiko zifatika. Ibi bitezimbere kunyurwa imbere, gutanga umusaruro, ndetse no kugumana impano, nkuko abanyamwuga bakorana nikoranabuhanga rigezweho bumva ko bagize ishyirahamwe rishya.
Inzira zo gukoresha neza digitale hamwe nicyerekezo kizaza.
Bumwe mu buryo bwo kwegera iki kintu ni ukumva ko uburyo bwa digitifike bugomba kuba umushinga wuzuye wibigo birimo inzego zose zubuyobozi kandi, nibyiza, hamwe ninkunga itaziguye yatanzwe nabayobozi bo murwego rwa C (nk'abayobozi bakuru, CFOs, na CIO).
Ibi byemeza ko kwimuka kuva kuri analogi kuri digitale bidatwarwa nubushake bwishami rimwe cyangwa irindi, ahubwo nkigiciro cyibikorwa byinjira mumuryango wose. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, iyi nkunga yo hejuru-ifasha gutsinda imbogamizi iyo ari yo yose no gushyira imbere ishoramari mu buryo buhoraho, byorohereza cyane kwemeza uburyo bushya hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa.
Iyo gahunda ya digitisation imaze kuba mubikorwa byubucuruzi, igihe kirageze cyo gushyira mubikorwa mubikorwa. Intambwe yambere iganisha ku buryo bunoze ni ugushushanya urunigi rwose, ukamenya icyuho, kugabanuka, n'amahirwe yo gukoresha. Ibi bisaba kugisha inama akazi cyangwa amakipe y'imbere yumva neza buri cyiciro cyubucuruzi. Hatabayeho kwisuzumisha, harikibazo cyo gushora mubikoresho bidakemura ibibazo byumuryango. Ibikurikira, ni ngombwa gushyira imbere inzira zitanga agaciro gakomeye cyangwa zigira ingaruka zikomeye kumunezero wabakiriya. Ibi byihutirwa bifasha kwerekana ibisubizo byihuse, gushiraho umuco wo kwizerana no kwishora mubikorwa bya digitale.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi ni uguhitamo tekinoroji. Guhitamo ibisubizo bitanga kwishyira hamwe binyuze muri APIs, kurugero, yemerera ibigo kongeramo module nshya nibikorwa uko ibisabwa byiyongera. Ibi birinda ikibazo cyo gukora "ibirwa bya digitale" bishya, byongeye, bitavugana. Byongeye kandi, birakenewe ko dusuzuma neza ubwubatsi bwamakuru, tukareba ko hari amahame yo kubika amakuru no kuyobora. Hatabayeho gukumira, isosiyete irashobora kurangirana numubare munini wamakuru atazana ubwenge mubucuruzi.
Guhindura umuco nabyo ntibishobora kwirengagizwa. Gukoresha imibare myiza isaba abayobozi n'abakozi gusobanukirwa ninyungu ziyi mpinduka, kureka imitekerereze ya "twagiye tubikora gutya", kandi twiteguye kwiga ubudasiba. Gushora imari muri gahunda zamahugurwa, amahugurwa, no gutumanaho imbere ni ngombwa kugirango ucike inzitizi no guteza imbere kugura. Byongeye kandi, birasabwa guhora dukurikirana ibipimo byerekana agaciro k'impinduka, nko kugabanya igihe mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe, kuzigama umutungo, no kunezeza abakiriya. Ibi bipimo bitanga ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko inzira yahisemo yumvikana.
Kubireba ejo hazaza, birakwiye ko ureba ko uburyo bwa digitifike aribwo shingiro ryudushya twinshi. Iyo isosiyete imaze gukora ibikorwa byuzuye bya digitale, irashobora gushakisha ibisubizo mubwenge bwubuhanga, gukoresha robotike yimikorere (RPA), hamwe nisesengura risesuye. Hamwe na AI, kurugero, birashoboka guhinduranya imirimo igoye ndetse no gukora sisitemu ishoboye gufata ibyemezo bishingiye kumyigire yimashini. RPA, nayo, irashobora gukora umubare munini wimirimo isubirwamo, ikabohora abakozi kubikorwa byinshi byingenzi. Isesengura riteganijwe ryemerera kumenya imigendekere n'imyitwarire, bigafasha isosiyete gukora neza aho kugira icyo ikora.
Imibare yuzuye yimikorere nayo itanga inzira kubucuruzi bushya. Ibigo byabanje gushingira kubikorwa byintoki kugirango bisabane nabakiriya nabatanga ibicuruzwa, mugukoresha imibare, gukora ibicuruzwa na serivisi bishya byibanda kuburambe bwa digitale. Ibi bitanga inyungu zipiganwa kandi birashobora no kwemerera kwinjira mumasoko yisi yose, cyane cyane mugihe ibikorwa remezo byikoranabuhanga byiteguye gupima no guhuza ibyifuzo byuturere dutandukanye. Kurugero, e-ubucuruzi bwaturikiye mumyaka yashize neza cyane kuberako urunigi rwagaciro rwagiye rwandikwa cyane, rukarenga kure gushiraho urubuga rwo kugurisha: rurimo guhuza na sisitemu y'ibikoresho, gutunganya ubwishyu, gusesengura amakuru, kwamamaza byikora, no gufasha abakiriya.
Muri make, igisubizo cyikibazo "twageze ku cyiciro cya digitifike?" iracyari "biterwa." Ibigo bimwe bimaze gutera intambwe igaragara kandi birashobora kwirata ko bifite urunana rutangwa. Abandi baracyari mu marembera, bagumye mubikorwa bitandukanye na silos ishami. Ikintu rusange, ariko, nukumenya ko isoko itazategereza abasigaye inyuma. Kurushanwa, gukora neza, ndetse no kuramba kwubucuruzi bijyana nubushobozi bwo kubara inzira muburyo bwuzuye kandi muburyo bwuzuye. Rero, ibirenze icyerekezo, digitisation ireka guhitamo kandi iba inshingano kubantu bifuza gutera imbere mw'isi igenda irangwa no guhanga udushya n'umuvuduko w'impinduka.
