Ihlandla lesibili likaDonald Trump laqala ngoJanuwari 20 futhi, esikhathini esingaphezudlwana nje kwenyanga, selivele lilethe ukulungiswa kabusha okujulile kwezinqubomgomo zezomnotho zase-US. Iziqondiso ezintsha zikamongameli mayelana nobudlelwano bokuhwebelana namazwe omhlaba zibe nomthelela ekutshalweni kwezimali emhlabeni jikelele, okwandisa ukuntengantenga ezimakethe zamasheya emhlabeni wonke. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "umphumela we-Trump" kuchaza kabusha indlela izimakethe ezisabela ngayo ezinguqukweni zokulawula kanye namasu amasha asetshenziswe uhulumeni waseMelika.
Lokhu kumiswa kabusha akukhawulelwe ezinqubweni zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe noma ezomnotho omkhulu. I-crypto ecosystem ingomunye wemikhakha ethinteke kakhulu, ebhekana noguquko olubalulekile. Indlela yokuphatha yangaphambilini, ephawulwe ngemikhawulo kanye nesexwayiso mayelana nezimpahla zedijithali, ithathelwa indawo umbono obeka eqhulwini ukusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nenkululeko yezezimali. Lokhu kuguquguquka kokuma akubonisi nje kuphela ithonya elikhulayo lomkhakha we-crypto emnothweni womhlaba kodwa futhi kubonisa ukuqondanisa nezimiso zokwahlukaniswa kwezindawo kanye nobumfihlo obuyisisekelo emphakathini we-crypto.
I-Bitcoin: enye indlela yesistimu yendabuko
Emasontweni asanda kwedlula, uTrump usabise ngokuthi uzokhokhisa intela engu-25% emikhiqizweni yaseMexico naseCanada, ngaphezu kokukhokhiswa okwengeziwe okungu-10% ezintweni ezingeniswa eChina kanye no-25% kukho konke ukuthengwa kwensimbi ne-aluminium okuya e-US. Lezi zinyathelo zokuvikela zenze isimo sokungaqiniseki ezimakethe zomhlaba, ikakhulukazi ezithinta izimpahla ezibhekwa njengengozi. Ukwenyuka kwezindleko zohwebo kuvame ukufaka ingcindezi ekwehleni kwamanani emali futhi kungakhuthazi ukutshalwa kwezimali, kudala isimo esiyinselele.
"I-Bitcoin ivelele njengempahla enokwethenjelwa phakathi kwalokhu kuguquguquka. Nakuba izimakethe zamasheya emhlabeni wonke ziqongelele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, i-Bitcoin iye yahlala izinzile, iqinisa indima yayo njengesitolo senani ngezikhathi zokuntengantenga komnotho. Lokhu kuqina kubonisa ukukhula okukhulayo kwempahla yedijithali kanye nekhono layo lokuheha abatshalizimali abafuna ukuvikelwa ngokumelene nokungaqiniseki kwemakethe ye-Bitcoin.
Uma kubhekwa lesi simo sezinguquko ezinqala kuzinqubomgomo zezomnotho nezokulawula, abaphathi abasha bakaTrump bamukele isimo esivumayo mayelana nokuqamba izinto ezintsha emkhakheni we-crypto. Imiyalo yokuphatha yakamuva esayinwe umongameli ibonisa umzamo ocacile wokubumba kabusha imithetho ekhona kanye nokugqugquzela ukukhula kwemakethe yezimpahla zedijithali e-United States. Lokhu kushintsha kwe-pro-crypto kuphawula ukuqala kwesigaba esisha salo mkhakha, manje osenendawo ekahle yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezezimali obusabalalisiwe nokubamba iqhaza kwabatshalizimali abakhulu bezikhungo.
Imiyalo yesigungu kanye nezinguquko zokulawula
Isikhathi sesibili sikaDonald Trump silethe ukulungiswa kabusha okujulile kwenqubomgomo yokulawula yase-US mayelana ne-crypto ecosystem. Lolu shintsho luphawula ikhefu endleleni evimbela abaphathi be-Biden, basungula ipharadigm entsha ebeka eqhulwini ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nenkululeko yezezimali kulo mkhakha.
Ama-oda amabili aphezulu athinta kakhulu umkhakha we-cryptocurrency kanye ne-Bitcoin, asayinwe nguTrump ngoJanuwari, amele izinyathelo zokuqala ezibambekayo kulolu shintsho. I-Executive Order 14067 yokuqala ehoxisiwe kubaphathi be-Biden, eyabeka imingcele emkhakheni we-crypto futhi yakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Endaweni yayo, kwasungulwa inqubomgomo ye-pro-crypto, evimbela ngokusobala ukudalwa kwama-CBDC futhi kwakhiwe “Ithimba Likamongameli Elisebenza Ezimakethe Zezimpahla Zedijithali.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, uTrump ugunyaze ukuthi zonke izinhlaka zikahulumeni zibuyekeze imithetho yazo yezimpahla ze-crypto zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kuye kwezingama-60. Lo myalelo futhi uvikela ilungelo lokuzigcina kanye nezimayini zeBitcoin.
Umyalelo wesibili wesigungu ugxile ekuchithweni kwe-SAB 121, ukususa imfuneko yokuthi amabhange nezikhungo zezezimali zifake amafa e-crypto agcinwe emakhasini abo ebhalansi. Lesi silinganiso sisusa esinye sezithiyo eziyinhloko ekungeneni kwezikhungo zezezimali zendabuko emakethe ye-crypto, okuvumela ukuhlinzekwa okukhulu kwezinsizakalo zokugcinwa kwempahla kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene nempahla yedijithali.
Vimbela ama-CBDC
Isinqumo sikaTrump sokuvala ngokusobala ukuthuthukiswa kwama-CBDC sibonisa ukwehlukana okukhulu nokuphatha kwangaphambilini. Umyalelo omusha wokuphatha awuvimbeli kuphela izikhungo zikahulumeni ekukhangiseni noma ekukhipheni ama-CBDC, kodwa futhi ugunyaza ukunqanyulwa kwanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi ehlobene nalezi zimali zedijithali ezikhishwe uhulumeni.
Lesi silinganiso sagujwa kabanzi umphakathi we-crypto, obona ama-CBDC njengethuluzi lokubhekwa kombuso kanye nokulawula kukahulumeni mayelana nokuthengiselana kwezezimali ngakunye. Ukuvinjelwa kukhombisa umbono wezepolitiki owazisa ubumfihlo bezezimali, ubukhosi bedola, kanye nokwahlukaniswa kwabantu—izimiso ezihambisana nefilosofi ye-Bitcoin kanye ne-cryptocurrencies ngokuvamile.
Ama-ETF ashayela imakethe.
I-Bitcoin ETFs eyethulwe ngonyaka odlule idlule okulindelwe yimakethe. I-IBIT yeBlackRock kanye ne-FBTC ye-Fidelity izuze ivolumu ehlanganisiwe yama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.5 ngosuku lwayo lokuqala lokuhweba. Ezinyangeni eziyi-11 nje kuphela, i-IBIT iqongelele ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-50 ezimpahleni, yephula amarekhodi futhi igqamisa isidingo esikhulayo semikhiqizo elawulwayo ku-ecosystem ye-Bitcoin.
Emakethe yesikhwama sesikhwama sokuhwebelana saseBrazil, ama-ETF ayisikhombisa kwayishumi anikeze inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu yabatshalizimali ngo-2024 ahlobene nezimpahla ze-crypto kanye namanethiwekhi we-blockchain, ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe yi-Quantum Finance.
"Ama-ETF adlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni imakethe ye-crypto ngokwenza lula ukufinyelela kulezi zimpahla. Asusa inkimbinkimbi yokugcinwa kwe-cryptocurrency, okuvumela ukuchayeka ekwazisweni ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuvikeleka nokugcinwa, okwenza ukutshalwa kwezimali kufinyeleleke futhi kuhehe. Ama-ETF ayisinyathelo sokuqala esithakazelisayo, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe njalo ukuthi awanikezi ukufinyelela ku-Bitcoins eyisisekelo: -isici esibalulekile somuntu ngamunye. ukuzigcina abantu ngabanye abangakuqinisekisa ubukhosi babo bezezimali,” kusho uCaio Leta, inhloko yocwaningo kwa-Bipa.
I-"Bitcoinization" yoHlelo Lwezezimali
Ukukhula kwama-ETF e-Bitcoin akumele nje kuphela ukuhlanganyela ohlelweni lwezezimali lwendabuko, kodwa futhi "i-Bitcoinization" yalolo hlelo. Imikhiqizo efana ne-BTC-denominated ETFs, ama-ETF ezinkampani ezamukele "izinga le-Bitcoin," kanye nezibambiso zezikweletu ezihloselwe ukuthenga i-Bitcoin ziyizibonelo zalokhu kuhlanganiswa.
Imakethe ijwayelana nomqondo kanye nezimiso zeBitcoin, iguqula amandla ayo endabuko. Lesi yisigaba sokuqala soshintsho esingase sichaze kabusha izisekelo zemakethe yezezimali yomhlaba.
