Black Friday is a sales phenomenon that has become a milestone in the global commercial calendar. Originating in the United States, this promotional date has gained international proportions, attracting consumers eager for discounts and unmissable offers. In this article, we will explore in detail what Black Friday is, its history, economic impact, the marketing strategies involved, and how it has adapted to the digital landscape.
1. Definition:
Black Friday is traditionally held on the Friday following the Thanksgiving holiday in the United States, marking the unofficial start of the Christmas shopping season. It is characterized by significant discounts offered by retailers on a wide range of products, from electronics to clothing and home items.
2. Historical Origin:
২.১। প্রথম রেজিস্ট্রেশন:
The term “Black Friday” has controversial origins. One theory suggests that it referred to the day when retailers finally moved from the “red” (loss) to the “black” (profit) in their financial statements.
2.2. Evolution in the USA:
Initially a one-day event, Black Friday gradually expanded, with some stores opening on Thanksgiving evening and offers extending through the weekend.
2.3. Globalization:
From the 2000s onwards, the concept spread globally, being adopted by various countries, each adapting it to their commercial and cultural realities.
3. Economic Impact:
3.1. Financial Movement:
Black Friday generates billions in sales annually, representing a significant portion of the annual revenue for many retailers.
3.2. Creation of Temporary Jobs:
To meet the demand, many companies hire temporary staff, positively impacting the job market.
3.3. Economic Stimulus:
The event stimulates consumption and can serve as a barometer for economic health and consumer confidence.
4. Marketing Strategies:
4.1. Anticipation and Extension:
Many companies start promoting Black Friday offers weeks in advance and extend the promotions for days or even weeks after the official date.
৪.২। প্রত্যাশার ক্যাম্পেইনসমূহ:
Creation of campaigns that generate expectation and anxiety among consumers, encouraging them to stay alert for offers.
৪.৩। এক্সক্লুসিভ এবং সীমিত অফারগুলি:
Strategies such as “while supplies last” or “offer valid only in the first few hours” are commonly used to create a sense of urgency.
4.4. বহু-চ্যানেল মার্কেটিং:
Integrated use of various communication channels, including TV, radio, social media, and email marketing.
৫. ব্ল্যাক ফ্রাইডে ডিজিটাল পরিবেশে:
5.1. ই-কমার্স:
অনলাইনে বিক্রির বৃদ্ধি Black Friday-কে ডিজিটাল পরিবেশে সমানভাবে শক্তিশালী একটি ইভেন্টে রূপান্তরিত করেছে।.
৫.২. সাইবার মণ্ডে:
Created as an online extension of Black Friday, especially focused on electronic products.
৫.৩। অ্যাপ্লিকেশন এবং প্রযুক্তি:
Development of specific apps for Black Friday, offering price comparison and real-time offer notifications.
6. Challenges and Controversies:
6.1. Overcrowding and Safety:
Incidents of riots and violence in physical stores have led to concerns about the safety of consumers and employees.
6.2. Deceptive Practices:
Accusations of price inflation before discounts or fake offers are common during the period.
৬.৩। পরিবেশগত প্রভাব:
Criticism of excessive consumerism and its environmental impact has gained strength in recent years.
7. Global Adaptations:
7.1. Cultural Variations:
Different countries have adapted Black Friday to their realities, such as “Singles Day” in China or “White Friday” in some Arab countries.
7.2. Regulations:
Some countries have implemented specific regulations to protect consumers during this intense sales period.
8. Future Trends:
8.1. Personalization:
Increasing use of AI and big data to offer personalized discounts based on consumer purchase history and preferences.
8.2. 沉浸式体验：
融入虚拟现实和增强现实技术以提升在线购物体验。.
৮.৩। স্থায়িত্ব:
企业增加可持续产品供应和社会责任举措。.
উপসংহার:
黑色星期五已从美国本土的销售活动演变为全球消费现象。其影响力远超零售领域，波及全球经济、消费行为及营销策略。在持续适应技术变革和消费者需求的同时，黑色星期五始终是年度最受期待的商业盛事之一，促使企业不断创新其业务模式与产品供给。.
